At risk / Forest and Conservation Worker
SOC 45-4011.00

Forest and Conservation Worker

VerdictVery Safe
Signal 01 · structural exposure
13
/ 100

This occupation's raw structural score (87/100) is high, reflecting how much of the O*NET task list, tree planting, pest control, prescribed burning, equipment maintenance, still requires physical presence in variable outdoor terrain that current general-purpose AI models can't substitute for on their own.

Signal 02 · real-world AI usage
Not yet available

We have not ingested real-world usage data for this occupation yet. We show a band only where genuine data exists, rather than estimate one.

What this is not
Neither reading measures whether any single forest and conservation worker has lost work to AI. That data does not exist anywhere yet — both signals describe tasks, not headcount. This page is not a prediction that this job disappears.
How we calculated this →

What a forest and conservation worker actually does

Forest and conservation workers perform the hands-on physical labor that develops, maintains, and protects forests and natural areas: selecting and planting tree seedlings in reforestation areas using manual planting tools, identifying and removing diseased or undesirable trees with power or hand saws, fighting forest fires or performing prescribed burns under the direction of fire suppression officers, and spraying or injecting vegetation with insecticides to control pests and disease.

The work is entirely outdoor and physical, spanning state and private forest land, tree nurseries, and post-fire restoration sites, and workers maintain equipment, coordinate safety communication with coworkers, and keep records of trees examined during marking or measuring efforts. Job titles include Forestry Aide, Forestry Technician, Reforestation Worker, and Tree Planter, and most positions require only a high school diploma or on-the-job training rather than a college degree.

Why it reads this way

This occupation's raw structural score (87/100) is high, reflecting how much of the O*NET task list, tree planting, pest control, prescribed burning, equipment maintenance, still requires physical presence in variable outdoor terrain that current general-purpose AI models can't substitute for on their own. But the numeric score doesn't tell the whole story here, and this site's research checklist requires checking real-world physical and autonomous-systems deployment before trusting a comfortable score, per RESEARCH-CHECKLIST. md §2a.

BLS's own current 2024-2034 outlook projects real, current employment decline for this occupation, -5%, a genuine negative signal rather than the flat-to-growing outlook most Safe-framed jobs on this site carry, and BLS explicitly attributes forestry-family employment pressure to mechanization and productivity-improving equipment reducing the number of workers needed per unit of output, the same causal factor BLS names directly for the closely related Logging Workers occupation.

On top of that mechanization trend, real, currently-operating companies, including Namu Robotics in North America, already deploy autonomous, AI-powered tree-planting drone swarms commercially for post-wildfire reforestation, work that overlaps directly with this occupation's core reforestation task. Wildfire-suppression demand is a genuine, disclosed offsetting factor, more fire activity does increase demand for fire-suppression labor specifically, but it isn't enough to turn BLS's own decade-long decline projection positive.

This is a case where a high structural score, built from a broad task list spanning both machine-resistant and machine-exposed work, doesn't survive contact with real, current, sourced evidence of both mechanization and commercial robotic displacement.

Skills this role draws on

Manual Tree Planting & ReforestationChainsaw & Power Tool OperationFire Suppression & Prescribed BurningPesticide/Herbicide ApplicationEquipment Maintenance
Pay & demand
$26,690–$48,270
10th–90th percentile, USD/year
Average: $43,680/yr
Demand
Low
Growth outlook
Declining
Projected growth
-5% (2024-2034, decline, per BLS Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Occupations outlook)

Range source: BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, 2022-2025
Average source: BLS OEWS wage data for Forest and Conservation Workers (45-4011.00) via O*NET OnLine, 2025 wage data (Annual Median Wage); min/max from BLS OEWS 2022 survey 10th/90th percentile

Research verdict
Assessed as of 2026-08-18
At risk

Forest and Conservation Worker scores 87/100 on raw structural exposure, one of the highest scores in this industry, but this is a case where the research-checklist's §2a physical/autonomous-systems-deployment check overrides a comfortable numeric score rather than confirming it. BLS's current 2024-2034 outlook projects a real -5% employment decline for this occupation, explicitly tied (for this occupation's closely related forestry-family peer, Logging Workers) to mechanization and productivity-improving equipment reducing labor demand per unit of output. Real, currently-operating companies, including Namu Robotics in North America, already deploy commercial autonomous tree-planting drone swarms for post-wildfire reforestation, directly overlapping this occupation's core reforestation task. Wildfire-suppression demand is a genuine, disclosed offsetting factor but doesn't turn BLS's own decade-long decline projection positive. Per this site's standing discipline of following real evidence over a comfortable score, this occupation is classified At-risk despite its high raw structural score.

This is a researched judgment (checklist v1.2), not a statistical measurement — it sits alongside, not instead of, the structural exposure signal above. Next scheduled review: 2027-02-18.

Sources (4)
Last updated: August 2026Source: BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, 2022-2025

Data sources & methodology

Salary data: BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, 2022-2025. Average figure sourced separately: BLS OEWS wage data for Forest and Conservation Workers (45-4011.00) via O*NET OnLine, 2025 wage data (Annual Median Wage); min/max from BLS OEWS 2022 survey 10th/90th percentile.

Task descriptions: Based on O*NET occupational analysis (45-4011.00).

Real-world AI usage band: Microsoft's "Working with AI" study of Bing Copilot conversations mapped to O*NET tasks (arXiv 2507.07935), and corroborating data from the Anthropic Economic Index.

Growth projections: -5% (2024-2034, decline, per BLS Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Occupations outlook), based on BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook.

Learn more about our methodology